Here is some PHP Interview Questions, that will helpfull to PHP Interview Candidates
1. What is CAPTCHA?
CAPTCHA stands for Completely Automated Public Turing Test to tell Computers and Humans Apart. To prevent spammers from using bots to automatically fill out forms, CAPTCHA programmers will generate an image containing distorted images of a string of numbers and letters. Computers cannot determine what the numbers and letters are from the image but humans have great pattern recognition abilities and will be able to fairly accurately determine the string of numbers and letters. By entering the numbers and letters from the image in the validation field, the application can be fairly assured that there is a human client using it. To read more look here:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Captcha
2. What is difference between require_once(), require(), include().
Becouse above three function usely use to call a file in another file?
Difference between require() and require_once(): require() includes and evaluates a specific file, while require_once() does that only if it has not been included before (on the same page). So, require_once() is recommended to use when you want to include a file where you have a lot of functions for example. This way you make sure you don’t include the file more times and you will not get the “function re-declared” error. Difference between require() and include() is that require() produces a FATAL ERROR if the file you want to include is not found, while include() only produces a WARNING. There is also include_once() which is the same as include(), but the difference between them is the same as the difference between require() and require_once().
3. If you have to work with dates in the following format: “Tuesday, February 14, 2006 @ 10:39 am”, how can you convert them to another format, that is easier to use?
The strtotime function can convert a string to a timestamp. A timestamp can be converted to date format. So it is best to store the dates as timestamp in the database, and just output them in the format you like.
So let’s say we have
$date = “Tuesday, February 14, 2006 @ 10:39 am”;
In order to convert that to a timestamp, we need to get rid of the “@” sign, and we can use the remaining string as a parameter for the strtotime function.
So we have
$date = str_replace(“@ “,””,$date);
$date = strtotime($date);
now $date is a timestamp
and we can say:
echo date(“d M Y”,$date);
4. How we know browser properties?
get_browser() attempts to determine the capabilities of the user’s browser. This is done by looking up the browser’s information in the browscap.ini file.
echo $_SERVER[‘HTTP_USER_AGENT’] . ”
\n”;
$browser = get_browser();
foreach ($browser as $name => $value) {
echo “$name $value
\n”;
}
5. How i will check that user is, logged in or not. i want to make it a function and i want to use in each page and after login i want to go in current page(same page. where i was working)?
For this we can use the session objec($_SESSION)t. When the user login with his/ her user name and password, usually we check those to ensure for correctness. If that user name and password are valid one then we can store that user name in a session and then we can very that session variable has been set or not in a single files and we can include that file in all pages.
6. How i can get ip address?
We can use SERVER var $_SERVER[‘SERVER_ADDR’] and getenv(“REMOTE_ADDR”) functions to get the IP address.
7. What is difference between mysql_connect and mysql_pconnect?
mysql_pconnect establishes a persistent connection. If you don’t need one (such as a website that is mostly HTML files or PHP files that don’t call the db) then you don’t need to use it. mysql_connect establishes a connection for the duration of the script that access the db. Once the script has finished executing it closes the connection. The only time you need to close the connection manually is if you jump out of the script for any reason.
If you do use mysql_pconnect. You only need to call it once for the session. That’s the beauty of it. It will hold open a connection to the db that you can use over and over again simply by calling the resource ID whenever you need to interact with the db.
8. What is the difference between echo and print statement?
There is a slight difference between print and echo which would depend on how you want to use the outcome. Using the print method can return a true/false value. This may be helpful during a script execution of somesort. Echo does not return a value, but has been considered as a faster executed command. All this can get into a rather complicated discussion, so for now, you can just use whichever one you prefer.
9. How to make a download page in own site, which i can know that how many file has been loaded by particular user or particular ip address?
We can use hyperlink having URL where file are kept. and we only allow regisetered user to download. from session of user we can get the user detail
10) What is the difference between inner join and outer join?
Inner join displays rows from table where the data is available in both the tables, where in outer join we can configure it to bring out rows from one table where the data is missing in other table for the corresponding rows.
Inner join
Say you have one table of CUSTOMERS and one table of ORDERS. Each row in the ORDERS table has a reference (foreign key reference) to a customer id which represents what customer placed that order. If you want to run a query that lists the orders along with the names of the customers who ordered them (since a customer id number itself it pretty useless), you will want to execute a join query:
SELECT CUSTOMERS.NAME, ORDERS.NAME
FROM CUSTOMERS
INNER JOIN ORDERS
ON CUSTOMERS.ID = ORDERS.CUSTOMER_ID
Outer join
If for some reason, you wanted the query results to return all customer name regardless of whether they placed an order, you can use one of two types of OUTER JOINS, in this case, a LEFT JOIN:
SELECT CUSTOMERS.NAME, ORDERS.NAME
FROM CUSTOMERS
LEFT JOIN ORDERS
ON CUSTOMERS.ID = ORDERS.CUSTOMER_ID